Physiology II

This course covers how the body functions at a cellular and tissue level, before moving into the nervous, endocrine and cardiovascular systems. You'll study immunology and how the body defends itself, along with respiratory and renal physiology. Suitable for those working toward a career in health science or allied medicine.

Human Physiology - Distance Education course study physiology by distance learning anyone can learn about human body processes and health maintenance study at your pace to suit your lifestyle feel supported throughout your learning COURSE CONTENTS There are 9 lessons in this module as follows: 1. Cellular Physiology Menbrane transport Simple passive transport Facilitated passive transport Active transport Transcription, translation and post transcriptional modification Cellular metabolism Cellular energy production Homeostasis Homeostatic balance Feedback system Body temperature Effect of temperature on enzymes Adenosine triphosphate Glycolysis 2. Histophysiology Physiology of tissue Epithelial tissue Connective tissue Dense connective tissue Cartlidge Bone tissue Bone physiology Compact bone Spongy bone Muscle tissue Muscle fibre: filament types Nervous tissue 3. Systems Physiology Central and peripheral nervous systems Somatic and autonomic nervous systems Sensory, motor and integrated systems General senses The process of sensation Special senses Autonomic nervous system Autonomic reflexes Parasympathetic nervous system Sympathetic nervous system 4. Neurophysiology Structure of the nervous system Parts of a neuron Classification of different neurons Neuron function Action potentials Graded potentials Synapses: electrical, chemical Neurotransmitters Neural circuits Different functions of the brain Homeostatic reflex arc Spinal chord and spinal nerves 5. Endocrinology Functions of endocrine system Actions of hormones Hormone target cells Anterior pituitary gland hormones Actions of posterior pituitary Actions of adrenal gland: cortex and medula Pancreatic hormones Thyroid gland Parathyroid Adrenal glands Pancreas Hormone receptors 6. Cardiovascular Physiology Heart function Cardiac cycle Heart muscle cell contraction Blood vessels Blood: regulation, erthrocyte physiology, leucocytes Hemostasis Lymphatic system Blood flow Gas transport Arterial alveolar gradient Oxygen transport Factors affecting oxygen release by haemoglobin 7. Immunology Immune system structure Lymphatic organs and tissues Types of resistance Non specific cellular and chemical defences: phagocytes, natural killer cells The inflammatory response Specific defence mechanisms Humoral immunity Antibodies Antigens 8. Respiratory Physiology Respiratory epithelium The lungs Airway anatomy Alveoli Nasal and oral cavities Larynx, trachea, bronchial tree Function of respiratory system Pulmonary ventilation Lung volumes and capacity 9. Renal Physiology Urinary system Blood and nerve supply Nephrons Kidney functions Remal processes Glomerular filtration Electrolyte and Acid base balance Tubular reabsorption Tubular secretion Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra Micturition process DETAILED CONTENTS: Cell Physiology – Study of the functions of cells Chemical reactions Homeostasis, feedback systems, homeostatic imbalances Cellular Metabolism Membrane Transport Histophysiology – Study of the functions of tissues Muscle filaments and fibres Bone Ossification and Growth Varieties of Dense Connective Tissue Functions of Epithelial Tissue Systems Physiology - Study of the significant systems and functions of organs Autonomic Nervous System Dual Innervation and neurotransmitters Actions of the Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nervous System Peripheral Nervous System General senses and their integrative function Study of the sensory modalities - smell, taste, vision, hearing and equilibrium Neurophysiology – Study of the functional characteristics of nerve cells Structure of the Nervous System Myelination Resting membrane potentions, ion channels, repolarization Classification of different neurons Grey/White matter Reflexes, reflex arcs and homeostasis Action potentials and synapses Functions of the cerebral cortex Endocrinology – Study of hormones and how they control body functions Principle functions of the endocrine system Physiology of hormones Actions of the Anterior and Posterior Pituitary Glands Hormone receptors Mechanisms of homeostatic action Cardiovascular Physiology – Study of the heart and blood vessels The Cardiac Cycle Heart-Muscle cell contraction Hemodynamics of blood - volume, BP, capillary exchange The Arterial-Alveolar Gradient Cardiac Output Oxygen Transport Immunology – Study of the body defence mechanisms Non specific cellular and Chemical Defences Functions of White Blood Cells The Inflammatory Response The Physiology of Fever Specific Defence Mechanisms Immunity and Antibodies Respiratory Physiology – Study the functions of the air passageways and lungs Pulmonary Ventilation - pulmonary capacity Gas Exchange Lung Volumes and Capacity The Respiratory Epithelium Renal Physiology – Study of the function of the kidneys Structure and Functions of the kidneys Nephrons Glomerular Filtration Renal control of Electrolytes and Acid Base Balance Active and Passive Tubular Reabsorption Tubular Secretion The process of Micturition WHAT NEXT? 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